This is why testing can be important even when someone feels completely healthy.
Using condoms correctly and consistently can reduce the risk of many STIs, although protection is not complete for infections that can spread through uncovered skin. Other preventive measures include vaccination against HPV and hepatitis B, regular testing based on individual risk, and honest conversations with partners.
Withdrawal, sometimes called the pull-out method, is also less reliable than many other contraceptive methods when used alone. It does not provide protection against STIs.
People who wish to avoid pregnancy can consider options such as condoms, birth control pills, intrauterine devices (IUDs), implants, injections, and other contraceptive methods. The most suitable option depends on individual circumstances and medical advice.
If unprotected sex has occurred or contraception has failed, emergency contraception may help prevent pregnancy. Some options work for up to five days after sex, although effectiveness depends on the method and timing. A pharmacist or healthcare professional can explain which options are available and appropriate.
A pregnancy test is generally most reliable from the first day of a missed period. If the timing of the next period is uncertain, testing at least 21 days after unprotected sex is a useful guideline.
An unplanned pregnancy can bring emotional, practical, financial, and medical considerations. Getting accurate information early can help a person understand their options and decide what to do next.
If you think you may have been exposed to an STI, a healthcare professional can advise you about the appropriate tests and when they should be taken.
An Unplanned Pregnancy
For people who can become pregnant, vaginal sex can result in pregnancy if sperm reaches an egg.
Pregnancy can occur even when intercourse happens only once. The likelihood depends on factors such as timing in the menstrual cycle, fertility, and whether contraception was used.
Relying on assumptions about a person’s fertile days can be unreliable because ovulation does not always occur on the same day every month.
